Refrigeration



F. D. PELTHER REFRGERATION may 27, l 930.

Filed Feb. 28, 1927 5 SheetS-Sheet May 27, 193@ F1l D PEL-HER. L'GQI@ REFRIG-ERATION Filed Feb. 26, 1926 5 sheets-sheet 3 /V TUR auf@ uf a;/

By v A y fl/:ATTORNEY Patented May 27, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE lERfAgNK DESNOYERS YELTIER,

I SIGNMENTS, TO SERVEL, INC., OF

WARE

OF EVANSVILLE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOB, BY MESNE AS- NEW YORK, '.N. Y., A. CORPORATION OF DELA- BEFRIGEBATION appiicaio mearebruarylzeflea'z; serial no.' 171,112.

My invention relates to the' art of refrigeration and particularly to that type of mechan` as well as other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings pf which:

Fig. 1 is a front view of a portion of a refrigerator .cabinet showing the improved evaporator Fig. 2 is -a cross-sectional view of the cabinet of Fig. 1 showing the ev elevation;

Fig. 3 is a cross-section view of a float` valve header forming part of the evaporator shown 2.5 in Figs. 1 and 2, taken partly on line 3-3 of Fig. 1 and partly on line 3-3 of Fig. 4;

. Fig. 4 is an end view of a head which is-part ofthe float valve header;

Fig. 5 s shown in Fig. 4, taken on line 3,'3, Fig. 4;

. Fig. 6 is an end view of .an expansion coil shown in Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 7 isla side view of the expansion coil shown in Fig; 6;

Fig. 8 is an end view of' another expansion coil shown in Figs. 1 and 2; /1

Fig. 9 is a side view of the expansion coil shown in Fig.. 8; Fig. 10 is an end View of a Venturi tube used in the oat valve header; and

Fig. 11 is a cross-section view of the Venturi tube shown in Fig. 10. l

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, reference character 10 designates a refrigerator an opening `in the front of cabinet 1 0'which is ordinarily closed by a door (not'shown). Within cabinet 10 and secured to the top thereof are brackets 12-12 Depending fromA brackets 12-12 are vrods 13-13 which serve porator in side a cross-section view of the head4 cabinet only a part of which is shown. 11 is.

to support theiloatvalve header and the j evaporator ally by reference character 14.

Evaporator tubeassembly 14 comprises two .expansion coils 16' and 17 shown morein detail in Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9. Coils 16 and 17 are formed around and supported by a frame or housing 18 to which are secured the supporting rods 13-13. Frame 18 is preferably made as a substantially rectangular box, open vat the front end, closed at the back and hav` ing thin, solidl top, bottom and sides of sheet metaL Formed within the frame-are vertical members 9 and projecting strips 19 which serve to hold two rows of ice .trays 20. y Float valve header 15 is sup orted by rods 13--13 in any suitable way as y the circular bands 21-21 and 22-22. Float valvev header y15 comprises a oat chamber 23 formed within and between cylindrical members. 24 and tube assembly designated gener- 25 andheads 26 and 27. Secured tofhead 27 k formed' a passageway. 30. Passageway '30 lcommunicates wi h an opening 31 to which is connected a conduit 32 which'leads from the condenser (notshown) Washer 33 is placed between member 29 and head 27 to insure a 'gas tight t between the two.l Within head 27 is a member 34 which hasa central passage- .way 35 therethrough.- An annular member into an enlarged portion of pasl 36 fits snugly sageway 35. sa eway 37 ca screen 38.

Member 36 has al central pasand serves to support a cylindrl- The left restricted end of p assageway 35, shown in Fig. 3, communicates l with a passageway 39 formed within head 27. A valve needle 40 acts in conjunction with a valveseat 41 formed in the end of passageway 35 to regulate the ow of a-fluid from passageway j35 to passageway 39. Passageway 3 communicates-with a conduit 42 which leads to the {irst or primary evaporator coil 16.

A' conduit 43 leads from evaporator coil 16 to passageway 44 formed within the header 26 Fig. 4). in header 26 at right angles to passa eway and leads from passageway 44 to t e. upper part of oat chamber 23. Float/"46 1s contained within fioat chamber 23 and floats on liquid therein. Float 46 ius attached to arm 47 Another passageway 45is formed p by bolts 28-28 is a member 29 in which is whichis pivoted at 48. Arm 49 is pivotally connected to arm 47 at 50 andto valve needle 40 at 51. Valve needle 40 passes through a passageway 69 formed within header 27. Needle 40 is provided with a number of circumferential slots 70. The length of passage- Way 69 is much greater than its diameter.

A passageway 52 formed within header 26 f leads fromthe upper part of float chamber 23 tofpassageway 53 also formed within header 26. The top of passageway 53 is threaded so as to receive plug 54. A Venturi tube 5 5 is placed within passageway 53 and held i-n 4position therein by shoulder 56. Venturi tube is formed after the nature of Venturi tubes with a restricted portion 57 in the passageway 58 therethrough (Fig. 11). A circumferential slot 59 is provided around the outside of the Venturi tube adjacent to restricted portion 57. A hole (or holes) estab-1 duit 64 leads from the other end of evaporator coil 17 to a union 65 which is supported by bracket` 66 on the `top of member 25. A conduit 67 leads from union 65 to the suction side of the compressor. Member 24 may be supplied with a number of radiating iins 68.

The operation of the apparatus is as fol-V lows: l

For convenience, it is assumed that therefrigerant usedis methyl .chloride but it is to be -understoodvthat other refrigerants may be employed. Liquid methyl chloride is supplied under a relatively high pressure of, for instance, 8O lbs. per sq. in., from the condenser through con-duit 32. Assuming the valve needle 40 not to be seated in valve seat 41', the liquid passes through opening 31 into passageway 30 and through screen 38 upon which any particles otdirt are deposited. From'within screen 38 the liquid passes through passageways 37 and 35. Although needle 40 is not seated in valve seat 41, it is in close proximity thereto and serves to throttle the high pressure liquid which passes from passageway 35 to passageway 39. This throtf tling action reduces the pressure of the methyl chloride to a comparatively low value, for instance, to between y10 and 2O p ounds per square inch. This reduction in pressure causes some of theliquid to vaporize immediately but most 'of it passes, as a liquid under low pressure, through `passageway 39. and

conduit 42 `to the first evaporator coil 16. In

revaporatorcoil 16 most of the liquid methyl chloride evaporates and absorbsheat. This 4absorption of heat may-be utilized to freeze water placed in trays 20 and to cool the air within refrigerator cabinet 10'. The vaporous methyl chloride and some liquid methyl chloride pass from evaporator coil 16,

through conduit 43 and passageways 44 and 45 into float chamber 23. The liquid collects inthe bottom of the float chamber While the vapor passes out through passageway 52.

The liquid vin float chamber 23 buoys tup Hoat .cause needle 40 to move away from valve seat 41 and thus admit a greater quantity of liquidto evaporator 16. This causes liquid to enter float chamber 23 at a faster rate'and thus the liquid level thereinrises. Float member 46 is raised an-d causes valve needle` 40 to move closer to valve seat 4'1 and thus reduce the flow of liquid into evaporator 16. In this Way the float valve mechanism operates to maintain a substantially constant liquid level within'chamber 23 and a Substantially constant amount of liquid within evapnl orator 16. The pressure in conduit 42 is somewhat greater than that in conduit 43. It is this difference of pressure which causes flow to take place through evaporator 16 and tends t cause leakage past needle 40 in passageway 69. This leakage is reduced to a negligible amount by making needle 40 of considerable length and. of small diameter. Needle 40 is also provided with circumferential slots 70 in'whi'ch liquid tends to collect and form a liquid seal.

Methyl chloride vapor passes out .of float chamber 23y through passageways 52'and 53 and Venturi tube 55., At the restricted portion 57 of Venturi tube 55 a reduction of pressure takes place whichcauses liquid to pass from the lower part of float chamber 23v through -conduit 62, passageway 61, slot 59 and hole 60 to within the Venturi tube. liquid consists of methyl chloride and lubricant that-has been carried from the compressor. The mixture of liquid methyl chlo-v ride, lubricant and lvaporous methyl chloride passes through the remainder of Venturi tube 55, passageway 53 and conduit 63to second evaporator 17 VHere the liquid methyl chlo.-

vride is evaporated. --The mixture of vaporous `methyl chloride and lubricant passes fromevaporator'l7 through conduit 64union 65 and: conduit 67 to Jthe suctionside of the' compressor. vThe methyl chloride is compressed over again while thelubricant is returned to the crank case of the compressor.

llO

This

While I havek described one form of my invention, .it is to beunderstood that Iam not limited thereto.y e

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: l i

l. An evaporator for refrigeration coinprising a box-like frame adapted to receive ice trays, a header above said frame, evaporator tubing extending around said frame and connected to saidheader, said tubing comprising two sections, one section being arranged in heat exchange relation with sub- 4stantially the greater portion of said' frame and the other section being arranged in heat exchange relation with a relatively small portion of said frame and means to pass refrigerant first through the tubing in heat ex.

change relation with substantially the greater portion of said frame, thence into the header and therefrom through tubing arranged in heat exchange relation with a relatively small portion of the frame, said last mentioned tubing communicating with the upper part of said header.

2. A n evaporator for refrigeration comprising a box-like frame open at one end fpr reception of ice trays, a header extending longitudinally of and above said frame, a plurality of evaporator tubes extending around said frame and connected to said-header, said tubing comprising two sections, one section ybeing arranged in heat exchange relation with substantially the greater portionof said frame and the other section being arranged in heat exchangerelation with -a relatively small portion of said frame and means to pass refrigerant first through the tubing in heat exchange relation with substantially the greater portion of said frame, thence into the header` and therefrom .through tubing arranged in heat exchange relation with a relatively small ,portion of the frame,.said last mentined tubing communicating with the upper part of said header.

3. An evaporator for refrigeration comprising a float valve header having end heads and containing aiioat chamber, a passageway within each head, one passageway being vadapted for connection with evaporator tubing and with a`\so`urce of refrigerant under pressure and having its connection openings outside said chamber, and the'other passage- -way being connected with the float chamber and adapted for connection with evaporator tubing, evaporator tubing connecting said passageways, a second passageway 1n one of Ysaid heads connected with said float chamber -and adapted for connection with evaporator tubing and means to induce liquid from the iioat chamber into said second passageway.

4. An evaporator for refrigeration comrising a box-'dike frame adaptedv to receive ice trays, a header .adjacent said frame com-v prising a chamber, evaporator tubes extending around said frame in a plurality of loops and so connected -to said header that said chamber is arranged in series between said tubes, means for passing refrigerant into and chamber regulating the supply of refrigerant to the last mentioned tube.

5..A n evaporator for refrigeration com- A prising a box-like frame adapted to receive ice trays, a iioat valve header above said frame comprising a float chamber, evaporator tubes, including a primary evaporator tube, extending-around said frame and arranged in series with said ioat chamber connected between them, aoat within said chamber, means at the inlet'of said primary evaporator tube to control flow of Huid thereinto and a connection between said float and said means whereby said fioatcontrols said flow of fluid.

6. An evaporator for refrigeration coni- .prising a box-like frame having thin solid top, bottom and sides of sheet metal and a plurality of sections of loops of coiled evaporator tubing wrapped around said frame, one of said sections being arranged in heat exchange relation with substantially the greater portion of the frame and .a second section being arranged in heat exchange relation with a relatively small portion of the frame and a header., connected between said sections in series therewith, said last men-` tioned section communicating with the upper part of said header.

'l'.iAnA evaporator for refrigeration' comprising a header, a tube mounted on' said header and arranged longitudinally" thereof,

\sa'id headerV including end heads and containing a chamber, a` passageway within each lhead, one passageway being adapted for connection. toga source of refrigerant, the other passagewaybeing connected Jto said chamber, evaporator tubing connecting said passageways, a second passageway within one of said heads connected to said chamber, and evaporater tubing connecting said second passageway with said longitudinaltube.

8. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, a float valve header having an inner iioat chamber and having an end head containing a passageway throughthe same.l both ends of said passageway terminating outside said chamber, a bo're connecting said chamber with said passageway, a restriction in said passageway in line with said v bore, an elonbore having grooving around the same and adapted to cooperate with said restriction to determine flow through said passageway, a float, within said chamber and 'a connection between'said float and said valve needle.

9.v An 'evaporator forrefrigeration comp rising a box-likeJ frame adaptedv to receive ice trays,'a float valve header-adjacent said iso frame comprising a float chamber, primary.

and secondary evaporator tubes extending around said Ifra-me and arranged in series with said float chamber connected between them, a ioat within said chamber, meansto ige series with said float chamber connected between them, a oat within said chamber, means at the inlet of said primary evaporator tube to control flow of liquid refrigerant thereinto and mechanism connecting -said float with said means whereby said float controls said flow of liquid refrigerant.

11. An evaporator for refrigeration comf prising a box-like frame adapted to receive ice trays, a float valve header adjacent to said frame' comprising a float chamber and a head primary evaporator tu e and mechanism at one end of said float chamber, a' passageway irisaid head, a 'plurality of evaporator tubes including a primary evaporator tubel extending in heat exchange relation with said frame and arranged in serieswith said l float chamber connected between them, said primary Ievaporator tube being connected to said passageway in said head, a float within said chamber, means to control flow of liquid refrigerant through said assageway into the connecting s aid lioat with said means whereby said float controls said flow of liquid refrigerant.

12. An evaporator for refrigeration comprising a box-like frameadapted to receive ice trays, a header adjacent to said frame, a primary evaporator consisting of a coiled tube wound around said frame and arranged in heat exchange relationwith the greater portion of said frame and a secondary evaporator consisting of a coil woundraround a relatively small portion of said'frame, the coils being connectedin series with said header between them and said secondary evaporator communicating with .the upperv part of said header.

13. An evaporator for refrigeration comprising a float valve header having end hea/ds and containing a float chamber, a passageway within each head, one passageway being adapted for connection with evaporator tubing and with a source of refrigerant under pressure and having its connection `openings outside said chamber, and the other passageway being connected with the float chamber, a box-like chamber adapted to receive 'ice trays, evaporator tubing connecting said passageways and extending around said boxlike frame, a second passageway in one of said heads connected with such float chamber, evaporator tubing connected with said second passageway and means'to induce liquid from the float chamber into said second passageway. p

. 14. An evaporator for refrigeration comprising a float valve' header having end heads and containing a float chamber, a passageway within each head, one passageway being adapted for connection with evaporator tubing and with a source of refrigerant under pressure and having its connection. open- ,ings outside said chamber, the other passageway being connected with thefloat chamber,

a box-like frame adapted to. receive ice trays,

the header and frame being arranged adjacent and parallel in general extent, flanges extending outwardly from said header, evap- A orator tubing connecting said passageways and extending around said frame, a second passageway in one of said heads connected with said float chamber, an evaporator tubing connected with said second passageway and means to induce liquid from the float chamber into said secbnd passageway.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my' signature.

FRANK DEsNoYER-s PELTIER. 

